Anemia as a result of blood loss at childbirth

The period of pregnancy and the child's birth – one of the most milestone and joyful events in life of each woman. However at the time of delivery, as well as on any of pregnancy stages, there can be these or those complications. Statistically, the most frequent complication in labor is bleeding.

At the time of delivery, normal, the woman loses 250-300 ml of blood. This blood loss was provided by the nature: during pregnancy the volume of the circulating blood increases, and by the end of pregnancy blood begins to be condensed to minimize risk of bleedings. Bleeding are called situations when blood loss in labor makes higher than 500 ml. Most often it results from the birth of a large fruit, twins or triplets, prelying of a placenta, an otsloyka of normally located placenta, a delay of office of an afterbirth, hypotonic bleeding and other complications. The woman loses even more blood during operation of Cesarean section. So during an operational rodorazresheniye blood loss usually makes 600-800 ml. With risks of bleeding during operation of Cesarean section the method of reinfusion of autoeritrotsit on the device Cell saver 5+ Haemonetics is widely applied. During operation, blood from an abdominal cavity gathers in the device, further it is washed from amniotic waters and other components, and the washed own erythrocytes at the end of operation intravenously return to the patient. This procedure allows to reduce losses of erythrocytes and hemoglobin as much as possible. In more difficult situations for completion of blood loss krovezameshchayushchy solutions, and if necessary, and donor components of blood are used.

The danger of blood loss consists that the shortage of erythrocytes, hemoglobin and iron lead to oxygen starvation of all internals and systems, including heart and a brain. However even at rather physiologic blood loss decrease in level of hemoglobin, reserves of iron and a ferritin can be noted that is the hidden phase of anemia. At the same time there can be such complaints as increased fatigue, weakness, drowsiness, irritability, pallor of integuments, dizziness and others. All this, in turn, slows down the recovery period after the delivery. One more problem of postnatal anemia – the insufficient content of iron in breast milk. At the same time at the child after the delivery in the first three months of life the risk of development of iron deficiency anemia increases that leads to reduced early adaptation, violation of motor and mental development.

For timely treatment or prevention of development of anemia in the postnatal period it is recommended to make the general blood test, indicators of iron and a ferritin. At decrease in any of these indicators it is necessary to begin iron administration of drugs. At heavy degree of anemia treatment begins with intravenous medicines (for example, Ferinzhekt), and further, it is necessary to continue intake of oral medicines. They need also to be applied from the first days at easy and average degree of anemia. We recommend to the patients medicine of liposomalny iron Sideral Forte because considering features of the structure of a liposome, this medicine has big biodostupnos and has no side effects. It is important to remember that administration of drugs has to be long and at normalization of indicators of blood it is necessary to continue not less than 2-3 months intake of medicine in a preventive dose for restoration of reserves of iron in depot. At shortage in an organism of folic acid or B12 vitamin decrease in comprehensibility of iron can be also noted. In that case it is necessary to add folic acid to a complex of treatment (for example, the Folio) or B12 vitamin (for example, Cyanocobalamine).

Thus, it is necessary to remember that the postnatal period – not less important stage in life of mother and kid, than pregnancy and childbirth. In order that motherhood was quiet and joyful, it is necessary to watch a condition of the health.

Author:
Hamidulina Ksenia Gennadyevna, doctor obstetrician-gynecologist, research associate of federal state budgetary Institution NTSAGIP of the academician V.I. Kulakov, PhDs in Medicine.